LSAT Writing Sample Requirements and Purpose
Why Law Schools Require the Writing Sample
Admissions officers view the LSAT writing section as a standardized baseline to evaluate an applicant’s clarity and reasoning. Because the personal statement is often heavily edited and polished over several months, the writing sample provides a "cold" look at how a candidate performs under pressure. It functions as a diagnostic tool for analytical writing, reflecting the specific type of communication required in a first-year (1L) legal writing course. Schools are looking for your ability to take a definitive stand, even when two options have equal merit. By requiring this sample, institutions ensure that the person who achieved a high score on the Logical Reasoning section can also translate that logic into a coherent written work product. Without a completed sample on file with the Law School Admission Council (LSAC), your multiple-choice scores will not be transmitted to law schools, effectively stalling your candidacy.
The LSAT writing prompt is intentionally designed to be a "no-win" scenario where there is no objectively correct answer. You are typically presented with a hypothetical scenario involving an individual or an organization that must choose between two mutually exclusive paths. Each option is supported by a set of facts and constrained by two specific criteria that the decision-maker wants to satisfy. This format tests your ability to prioritize one set of advantages over another while acknowledging and mitigating the drawbacks of your chosen path. Unlike a traditional academic essay where you might synthesize multiple viewpoints, this prompt requires a binary choice. The mechanism here is forced-choice argumentation, which mirrors the role of an advocate who must build the strongest possible case for a client, regardless of the relative merits of the opposing side.
How It Differs from a Typical Essay
In a standard undergraduate essay, students are often encouraged to explore nuances and reach a balanced conclusion. However, the LSAT Writing sample demands a strictly persuasive defense of one position. You are not being graded on the creativity of your ideas, but rather on how well you utilize the provided facts to support your claim. There is no outside knowledge required; in fact, bringing in external information can be a detriment, as the exercise is strictly about manipulating the provided data. Furthermore, while most essays allow for extensive revision, this is a 35-minute sprint. The scoring focus is on organization and the logical link between the evidence and the conclusion, rather than stylistic flourish. It is a test of functional literacy and structural integrity within a high-stakes, proctored environment.
The LSAT Writing Prompt Structure
Anatomy of a Standard Writing Prompt
A standard prompt begins with a brief introduction of the protagonist and the dilemma they face. This is followed by a description of two specific goals or criteria that the protagonist must meet. For example, a small business owner might need to choose between two locations, where Criterion 1 is minimizing overhead costs and Criterion 2 is maximizing foot traffic. The prompt then provides two distinct options, each with a list of pros and cons that relate back to those criteria. The LSAT writing time limit of 35 minutes requires you to quickly digest these facts without overthinking the scenario. The structure is mathematically balanced, ensuring that neither option is clearly superior, which forces the writer to demonstrate their ability to weigh competing interests and justify a hierarchy of priorities.
The Two Positions or Choices
The two choices provided in the prompt are designed to be equally viable. If Option A is better for long-term growth but requires high initial capital, Option B might offer immediate stability with limited future expansion. This is known as a zero-sum evaluation. Your task is to pick one and stick to it. Successful candidates often choose the side they feel they can write about more fluently, rather than searching for a "right" answer that does not exist. The mechanism of the test evaluates how you handle the "trade-offs." You must use the facts of your chosen side to satisfy the criteria, while simultaneously explaining why the advantages of the rejected side are less critical or how its disadvantages are more damaging to the protagonist’s ultimate goals.
The Criteria for Evaluation
The criteria are the most important part of the prompt because they dictate the "rules" of the argument. You must frame your entire essay around these two goals. A common mistake is focusing on a third, unstated goal—such as environmental impact or social prestige—when the prompt only specified budget and speed. To score well in the eyes of an admissions reader, you must use the criteria-application method. This involves explicitly stating how your chosen option fulfills Criterion 1 and Criterion 2 more effectively than the alternative. By using the criteria as the structural backbone of your body paragraphs, you demonstrate the kind of disciplined, rule-based thinking that is essential for success on the Multistate Bar Examination (MBE) and in legal practice.
Timing and Strategy for the 35-Minute Session
Recommended Time Allocation (Read/Plan/Write)
With only 35 minutes available, time management is the difference between a coherent argument and a fragmented mess. A pro-level strategy involves a 5-25-5 split. Spend the first 5 minutes reading the prompt carefully and selecting your position. Use the next 25 minutes for the actual drafting of the essay. The final 5 minutes must be reserved for proofreading. Because the LSAT writing scored component is qualitative, a typo-ridden or incomplete response can signal a lack of attention to detail. This strict allocation ensures that you do not spend too much time in the "analysis paralysis" phase. The digital clock on the interface serves as a constant reminder, and practicing with a countdown timer is essential to internalize the pace required to produce approximately 300 to 600 words of high-quality prose.
Outlining Your Argument Quickly
You should never start typing your final response without a roadmap. Use the digital scratchpad or a mental template to organize your thoughts during the first five minutes. A standard effective outline includes: an introduction stating your choice, a body paragraph supporting your choice based on Criterion 1, a body paragraph supporting your choice based on Criterion 2, a paragraph addressing and dismissing the alternative's strengths, and a brief conclusion. This is the IRAC-adjacent structure (Issue, Rule, Application, Conclusion) adapted for a policy-based argument. By mapping out which facts from the prompt go into which paragraph, you prevent repetitive phrasing and ensure that every sentence serves a specific purpose in advancing your thesis.
Leaving Time for Proofreading
The final five minutes are not for adding new arguments, but for "polishing the stone." Law is a profession of precision; a misplaced "not" or a confusing pronoun reference can change the entire meaning of a legal brief. In the context of the LSAT Writing sample, proofreading allows you to catch syntax errors and mechanical slips that occur during the heat of a timed session. Admissions officers understand the pressure, but they expect a level of professional competence. Check for consistent verb tense and ensure that your transitions (e.g., "furthermore," "conversely," "notwithstanding") correctly signal the relationship between your ideas. A clean, error-free submission suggests that you possess the diligence necessary for the rigorous documentation requirements of law school.
Technical and Environment Setup
System Requirements and Software Check
Completing the writing sample requires specific hardware and software to satisfy LSAC’s security protocols. You must have a functioning webcam and microphone, as the session is recorded and reviewed by artificial intelligence and human proctors. The how to submit LSAT writing process begins with downloading the secure browser or proctoring software required by LSAC. It is vital to perform a "System Check" at least 24 hours before you intend to write. This check verifies that your internet upload speed is sufficient for video streaming and that your operating system is compatible. Common technical failures include background applications (like Spotify or Slack) being open, which will trigger a security lockout. Ensuring your laptop is plugged into a power source is a non-negotiable step to prevent a mid-exam shutdown.
Preparing Your Testing Space
Your testing environment must be a private, quiet room with a clear desk. LSAC’s rules are stringent: no books, notes, or writing utensils are allowed within reach. The proctoring software will require you to perform a 360-degree room scan using your webcam to prove that no prohibited materials are present. Any person entering the room during your 35-minute window will result in an automatic flag and potential cancellation of your session. Lighting is also a factor; if the proctor cannot clearly see your face due to backlighting from a window, the session may be invalidated. Treating the space with the same level of sanctity as the multiple-choice testing center is the best way to avoid administrative delays.
The Onboarding and Identity Verification Process
Before the timer starts, you must complete the onboarding sequence. This involves showing a valid government-issued photo ID to the camera. The software uses biometric facial recognition to match your face to the ID provided. You will also be asked to read and agree to a candidate's oath, affirming that you are the person taking the test and that you will not share the prompt. This phase does not count toward your 35-minute limit, so you should take this time to breathe and focus. However, once you click "Start Exam" after the identity check, the countdown begins immediately. Any technical glitches during this phase should be reported to LSAC technical support immediately to secure a reset of your testing token.
Submission Logistics and Deadlines
Completing Writing Before Your Score Release
One of the most critical logistical rules is that LSAC will not release your multiple-choice LSAT score until a writing sample is processed and approved. You can complete the writing sample as early as eight days before your scheduled multiple-choice exam. It is highly recommended to finish it before the main test day. The processing time for a writing sample can range from 24 hours to several weeks if it is flagged for manual review. If you wait until the day scores are released to do your writing, you will likely face a significant delay in seeing your results, which can be devastating during the rolling admissions cycle when every day counts for scholarship and seat availability.
The Process for Starting a Writing Session
To begin, you log into your LSAC JD account and navigate to the LSAT Writing status page. From there, you will be directed to the external proctoring site. You do not need to schedule a specific time in advance; the writing sample is available 24/7 during your eligibility window. This flexibility allows you to choose a time when you are most alert and your household is quietest. Once you launch the session, you are under the proctoring protocol until you hit the "Submit" button. It is important to ensure you have a stable internet connection, as a mid-session disconnection can lead to a "Pending" status that requires a lengthy investigation by the LSAC misconduct subcommittee.
What Happens After You Submit
After you click submit, your video recording and essay are uploaded to LSAC’s servers. Initially, your status will show as "Exam Initiated" or "Results Pending." Once the automated and human reviews confirm there were no security breaches, the status changes to "Completed." At this point, the essay is added to your CAS (Credential Assembly Service) report. From then on, whenever you apply to a law school, the essay is automatically included in the package sent to the admissions office. Unlike the multiple-choice sections, you do not receive a score or feedback; the sample simply exists as a permanent part of your academic record for that testing cycle.
How Law Schools Use Your Writing Sample
Evaluating Persuasive Writing and Clarity
Admissions committees use the writing sample to gauge your "lawyering" potential. They look for logical cohesion—how well your premises support your conclusion. A well-constructed sample uses transition words to guide the reader through the argument, showing that the writer understands how to build a narrative. They also look for "economy of language," which is the ability to convey complex ideas without unnecessary wordiness. In the legal world, where court filings often have strict page limits, the ability to be both persuasive and concise is a highly valued skill. If your essay is disorganized or fails to take a clear side, it may suggest to the committee that you are not yet ready for the rigors of legal analysis.
Comparing to Your Personal Statement
One of the most common uses of the writing sample is as a "validity check." If an applicant’s personal statement is written with the sophistication of a seasoned novelist, but their LSAT Writing sample is riddled with basic grammatical errors and poor structure, it raises a red flag regarding academic integrity. While schools expect the personal statement to be better because it was not timed, the delta between the two should not be astronomical. A consistent voice across both documents reinforces the authenticity of your application. Conversely, a strong, punchy writing sample can actually help an applicant whose undergraduate GPA or multiple-choice score is slightly below the school's median, as it proves they possess the requisite "soft skills" for the profession.
When a Writing Sample Raises Red Flags
A writing sample can hurt an application if it demonstrates a lack of effort or professional judgment. For instance, writing an extremely short response (less than 200 words) or using informal language (slang, text-speak) signals that the candidate does not take the process seriously. Furthermore, failing to address the counter-argument is a significant logical flaw. In legal practice, ignoring the opponent's strongest point is a recipe for losing a case. Therefore, a sample that only lists the benefits of "Option A" without acknowledging the "Option B" criteria shows a lack of dialectical reasoning. Admissions officers are not looking for perfection, but they are looking for the "floor" of your professional capability.
What To Do If Your Writing Sample Is Flagged
Common Reasons for a Review (Plagiarism, Rule Violations)
Flags occur when the proctoring software or a human reviewer detects an irregularity. Common triggers include looking off-screen for extended periods, speaking aloud (which could be interpreted as communicating with someone else), or the presence of prohibited items like a cell phone in the camera's view. Plagiarism is rare given the unique nature of the prompts, but using pre-memorized templates that do not fit the prompt can also cause issues. Most flags are "technical" in nature—such as a poor room scan or a glitch in the video feed. However, every flag must be cleared before the score is released, which can add weeks to your application timeline.
The Investigation Process by LSAC
If your session is flagged, it is sent to the LSAC Test Security unit. They will review the entire video and audio recording of your 35-minute session. During this time, your LSAT status will remain "Results Pending." You may receive an email asking for clarification, or you may simply have to wait. If the violation is deemed minor (like a one-time noise in the background), the flag is usually cleared and the sample is accepted. If the violation is significant, the sample may be canceled. In extreme cases of test misconduct, such as having a second person in the room, LSAC may ban the candidate from future testing and notify law schools of the security breach.
Options for Retaking the Writing Sample
If your writing sample is canceled due to a technical error or a security flag, you will typically be granted a "retake" at no additional cost. You can also request a retake if you feel that a technical issue (like a flickering screen) severely impacted your performance, though this is at LSAC’s discretion. It is important to note that you cannot retake the writing sample simply because you didn't like the essay you wrote. You only get one "active" sample per LSAT attempt. If you take the LSAT multiple times, you have the option to use your old writing sample or write a new one. Most experts suggest that unless your first sample was a disaster, one solid LSAT writing sample is sufficient for all your applications.